Swarm is a project made up of six large orbs in which five of the orbs are tethered to a single 'mother node' that can then autonomously direct the others in open space. Here, project member Corey Fro chases after one of the orbs, trying to keep it from crushing another robot.
(Credit: Daniel Terdiman/CNET Networks)
MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif.--Corey Fro is chasing a large metal orb across the pavement at the NASA Ames Research Center here. He is desperately trying to make sure that the orb doesn't crush a nearby robot.
The orb in question is being remotely directed by a kid wielding an Xbox-like wireless controller, but it's the kid's first time using the device, and he really doesn't have any idea what he's doing.
Swarm is the work of at least 30 artists and is the continuation of a project originally created for Burning Man 2007. It is expected to be even more developed for Burning Man 2008.
(Credit: Swarm 2.1)And that's why the orb has rolled away and is bearing down rapidly on the unsuspecting and defenseless robot a few yards away. In the end, Fro caught the wayward sphere and saved the day, or at least the innocent robot.
If this sounds unusual, it isn't. At least not at Yuri's Night, a 12-hour celebration of space, science, music, and art held at NASA Ames and other locations around the world Saturday in honor of Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin's first flight into space.
The orb is part of Swarm, a project designed for Burning Man built around the concept of autonomous spheres that can be programmed to perform in one of many ways.
Or, as Fro put it, "They're kinetic sculptures that drive around in an autonomous but choreographed pattern."
Fro is just one of about 30 people who built the orbs for Burning Man 2007, and now the project is returning to Burning Man 2008 as an art piece partially funded--and therefore honored as noteworthy--by the curators of the annual countercultural arts festival.
But before it can go back out to the Nevada desert, Swarm had to make an appearance at Yuri's Night, and it was certainly one of the main attractions for the thousands in attendance Saturday.
And that's at least in large part because of what they can do.
"The orbs control their own movement, light show, and music," explained Fro. "The way they do that is by communicating with the mother node."
"The Swarm of autonomous beings by their very nature will have emergent and complex behavior," the project's Web site states. "They will flock, flirt, dance and interact, and their actions will surprise and astonish even us, their creators. They are simple, but together they will behave in ways more complex than we can predict."
At Yuri's Night Bay Area on Saturday, the orbs from Swarm were one of the most popular projects on display.
(Credit: Daniel Terdiman/CNET Networks)
The idea is that five of the six orbs--which look something like specialized see-through hubcaps turned into spheres with really expensive robotic controls and LEDs inside--are subservient to the desires of the lead orb, or mother node.
The only information the subservient orbs send out is GPS and accelerometer data, which they send to the lead orb, which, Fro said, uses that information to coordinate the movements and lighting effects of all the spheres.
"So the movement coordination allows it to follow the leader, drive in patterns or (even) make the orb representation of planetary systems," Fro said. "But once they're running under control of the mother node, there's no control from humans.
That means, once all the orbs are in motion--something that wasn't on display at Yuri's Night--the only way to stop them is direct the mother node to stop.
Each orb, Fro said, is driven by counterbalancing using the weight of lead-acid batteries as ballast. By swaying the ballast forward, the orb moves forward as the center of gravity changes.
"To turn right or left," Fro said, "we swing the ballast right or left."
At Burning Man, where the entire project, in its 2008 configuration, will be unfurled, the Swarm team plans to erect a mast on the open desert floor that projects a large laser circle on the ground.
The idea is to define a safety zone so that pedestrians, bicyclists, and those on other forms of conveyance are safe.
"If they walk into that circle," Fro said, "all bets are off."
I was very happy to see the orbs at Yuri's Night because Swarm was one of the legendary art projects I missed at Burning Man 2007. It was something I heard a lot of people talk about after the fact in very reverent terms.
And as befits many Burning Man art projects, the 2008 version is sure to be new and improved. In fact, Fro said, the Xbox-like controllers were a big part of what's new for this year: joysticks that can allow anyone to take very subtle control over the orbs.
But it's also very easy to lose control of them, as I saw multiple times on Saturday as Fro would hand the controller over to one person or another.
"Try not to rock it so much," he said to someone at one point, "because if you hit the kill switch, it will stop."
MOUNTAIN VIEW, CALIF.--In April 2006, NASA announced that it was bringing in University of Arizona astronomy professor and former brigadier general Simon "Pete" Worden to be the director of its NASA Ames Research Center here.
NASA Ames director Pete Worden has brought a fresh perspective to the facility since his arrival in 2006. At the Yuri's Night celebration on Saturday, he demonstrated his sense of humor and history by wearing a Soviet-era general's uniform in recognition of the first-ever space flight by cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.
(Credit: Daniel Terdiman/CNET News.com)Since then, Worden has brought a fresh perspective to the helm of one of NASA's most important research facilities, demonstrated through initiatives such as giving a keynote address to the International Space Development Conference from the virtual world Second Life. (Note: My wife works at Second Life publisher Linden Lab).
But along with administrators at several other NASA facilities, Worden has been a leader in hosting Yuri's Night celebrations, something that might not have been possible even just a few years ago.
An evening of art, music, dancing, fire, and science, Yuri's Night has become a much anticipated event for many people, especially the version held annually here at NASA Ames.
On Saturday, as the party throbbed just feet away, and as Worden sat drenched in sweat from having participated in a fashion contest wearing a Soviet-era general's outfit, he sat for an open-ended, if short, interview with CNET News.com.
Q: Why is NASA hosting this event?
Worden: Tonight, there are at least four NASA centers doing it. The fundamental issue facing NASA is that we're embarking on the most significant step that has ever been done in space. The next step is settling the solar system. The U.S. space exploration program is a key part of that, as well as efforts around the world. NASA has always played a key role in other critical issues that face us as well, such as aeronautics, all the way up to understanding the secrets of the universe and addressing climate change. Those are all NASA jobs. But to do that we need the next generation excited about space and the other things that NASA does. But we are a technology agency, and it's a lot of science and math and engineering. Sometimes that's not considered quite as cool as other things. We think it is. And Yuri's Night is an opportunity to bring the next generation in and show them how cool it is. This is an opportunity to reflect on the past, such as the first humans in space, such as Yuri Gagarin in 1961. Our first Space Shuttle flight in 1981. And to the future, where the future means expanding into the solar system. But we're not just expanding as machines and science. We're expanding as humans. There's art, culture, music, and dancing. So it's about all those things as well and to link that with the technical aspects will be maybe the most inspiring thing we can do.
NASA Ames director Pete Worden sitting in his facility during Yuri's Night celebrations on Saturday.
(Credit: Daniel Terdiman/CNET News.com)Talk a little about NASA's role in addressing climate change?
It's basically NASA data that has enabled us to understand climate change and that changes are occurring, and that human activities are a significant part of that. Here at NASA Ames, we specialize in measurements of climate change. Second, NASA Ames houses the agency's supercomputer, the Columbia supercomputer, and one of its primary purposes is to run these very significant climate models and to support research from climate researchers around the world. We do the detail work, and we run airborne sensors, and we run the really sophisticated computer models here.
Can NASA Ames be a center of research into peace?
I think we are a center of research into peace. I can't think of anything more peaceful than working with the rest of world to expand humanity into the solar system, or to address some of the pressing issues like climate change that are facing the Earth or researching new green energy solutions. Peace in its fullest and most positive sense is bringing everybody together. Probably the most significant thing NASA did in the 1960s was to take that famous picture of Earth from space. That made people realize we have a lot more in common than differences. I believe that it was that one image that has led to the end of the Cold War, and to growing global linkages.
Please talk a little about NASA's repositioning of astrobiology?
It is one of the most significant areas, and an interdisciplinary field. We're trying to invent a new area based on the fusion of biology, astronomy, physics, and engineering. And there are three key questions: One, where did we come from, and where did life come from; two, Where else is it in the universe; and, three, what is the future of life in the universe. That is a very exciting area. There were some cuts in our astrobiology program, but we're seeing those have been largely restored, and we have a very optimistic program. We're expanding the program.
What's the period, like this one, leading up to a change in presidential administration like for NASA?
Every election is both an opportunity and a potential problem. After awhile you grow comfortable in what your current leadership, both congressional and presidential, tells you to do. But there's going to be new leadership, and I'm pretty optimistic that though there will be some changes, the fundamental direction of NASA is not going to change. The NASA Authorization Act of 2005 passed by huge majorities. There was bipartisan support for it. All of the potential candidates voted for that.
Why was the deal to allow Google's co-founders to keep their airplanes at Ames good for the facility?
The key point is that this is a research center, and it has a lot of facilities that are expensive to maintain. We have very limited usage of the airfield, and we're fortunate enough to have 1,800 acres of Silicon Valley real estate, which is very valuable. Congress and the White House have pushed us to form new relationships with private corporations, and there are 55 corporate tenants on Moffett Field. We also have research partnerships, including one with Google. In addition, we are building public/private partnerships with other people who have airplanes, and we lease those facilities. The use they put it to is some benefit to NASA. In this case, the Google co-founders' airplanes are available for some NASA research use, and we've used those a number of times. Plus they pay us for the hangar, and this is a real win/win, and it's good government. We're defraying government costs. And it's not really a sweetheart deal. The use of the facility is pretty expensive.
Is Google building a facility at NASA Ames?
We're in discussions with Google to lease tens of acres that they would use to build new facilities, offices, research facilities and housing. I would expect in a few months to have some agreement on that. We're also in discussions with a consortium of universities to build a university campus here. Right now, it's the University of California, which is the lead university, and Santa Clara University, Foothill College, and De Anza College, and Carnegie Mellon University. The idea is to have a campus devoted to some of the specific expertise that's needed to power Silicon Valley. And this is an ideal location for it.
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