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September 10, 2004 4:00 AM PDT

Perspective: The long march to Longhorn

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The long march to Longhorn
Longhorn needs a new name.

It's not just because I'm tired of the bovine references and the "shorthorn" jokes. No, the problem is that the future version of Windows formerly known as Longhorn in many ways won't resemble the Longhorn that Microsoft described last fall at its Professional Developers Conference.

Back then, the centerpiece of Longhorn--and the source of much of the excitement and anticipation surrounding its release--was a revolutionary new storage and file system called WinFS. Microsoft said WinFS would finally allow us mere mortals to easily find answers to simple questions using plain old English (or Chinese, Italian, German or what have you) terms.

In a way, WinFS would finally unchain us from the goofy, outmoded constraints put in place years ago by DOS. No longer would it be up to you and me to remember whether we saved a restaurant review in e-mail, a Word document or a bookmarked Web page. The software would do the heavy lifting for us.

We've been waiting for more than 12 years for this simple concept to manifest itself in a new version of Windows.
As strange as it sounds, we've been waiting for more than 12 years for this simple concept to manifest itself in a new version of Windows, and it looks like we'll be waiting for at least a few more. You've probably heard, or even remember, that Microsoft tried--and ultimately failed--to bring the "unified storage" concept to life with an aborted Windows NT update code-named Cairo.

You might not remember the details of the Cairo saga, or recognize the parallels with Microsoft's current dilemma with Longhorn. Here's a quick recap:

Back in 1992, Jim Allchin, the Microsoft executive in charge of Windows development, announces that the company is beginning work on Cairo, which will include a new "object file system" for storing document files, spreadsheets, multimedia files and other information in a unified way. The goal is to enable searching not only by file name, but by also file content. Cairo is due in 1994.

In 1994, after two years of relentless hype, Microsoft announces that Cairo's debut will "slip" into 1996. The company later moves Cairo's debut to 1997. Then catching up to Netscape and the Internet boom becomes Microsoft's top priority, and work on Cairo is "reassessed." In 1996, Bill Gates says Cairo's storage system is a vision, not a product, leading none other than Rick Sherlund--the Goldman Sachs analyst who helped Microsoft to go public--to say that Cairo has "lost its definition."

Fast-forward to 2002: Allchin tells CNET News.com editors that the old unified file system concept is alive and well and is planned as a major component of the next version of Windows, code-named Longhorn. Allchin doesn't set a date for Longhorn's debut, but analysts speculate it will arrive in 2004.

In February 2004, Allchin says that some of the programmers working on Longhorn have been reassigned to work on Windows XP Service Pack 2, a much-needed security revamp, and that as a result, some of Longhorn's features have been cut. In May, a Microsoft executive says WinFS will be included in Longhorn, but that "some of the functionality of WinFS and some of the scenarios may be limited in terms of what it can do."

Finally, last month, Microsoft said WinFS will not be included in Longhorn at all, but will instead ship as a test release sometime in 2006. Gates--recognized as the driving force behind the universal storage idea--then updates News.com on the technology. WinFs--"I'd be the first to say--is very ambitious," he says.

Why can't Microsoft--the world's largest software company, with thousands of talented programmers and billions of dollars in the bank--bring the unified storage concept to life?

There are lots of reasons. Legacy support, for starters. WinFS needs to work flawlessly with previous generations of Microsoft's applications, custom-built software and third-party tools or it will never get off the ground. That's hard, time-consuming work.

Microsoft is an enormous company with many simultaneous and interlocked projects. When one development team sneezes, another catches a cold.
Then there's the problem of project dependencies. Microsoft is an enormous company with many simultaneous and interlocked projects. When one development team sneezes, another catches a cold. The team building the next version of SQL Server, code-named Yukon, ran into some development snags earlier this year. Some of the WinFS work was built on Yukon technologies.

Microsoft was also simultaneously building new development tools and redesigning the Windows programming interface. That's in addition to finishing Windows XP SP2 and an update to Windows Server 2003. Something had to give.

So what does that leave in Longhorn? Plenty. A new graphics system called Avalon, a new communications and Web services subsystem called Indigo, and plenty of other new features that we learn about almost daily.

But the grand vision of a unified and simplified search tool for Windows once again has been delayed.

There is one major difference this time around. In the 1990s, none of Microsoft's competitors could really take advantage of Cairo's downfall. Not so this time.

Next year, Apple plans to launch new search tools as part of the Tiger release of OS X. And the Linux camp isn't far behind: Novell says it's retooling its iFolder software to give its SuSE Linux unified search capabilities.

The capabilities of these various schemes vary, and details are sketchy. But clearly, Microsoft--which popularized the idea of unified search--will likely lose the race to market with actual product. Now the challenge for the company is to convince customers that Longhorn--or whatever you think we should call it--is still worth waiting for.

Biography
Mike Ricciuti is CNET News.com's Cambridge, Mass., executive editor and bureau chief.

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Ambitious?????
by Earl Benser September 10, 2004 4:58 AM PDT
If I remember right, Apple's OS X and Sherlock both can search
files by title, content, date, application and other parameters,
separately or in combination right now. No waiting.

Looks like ol' Bill is behind the power curve again.

It just might be that the basic concept of Windows is so
burdened with legacy requirements that MS really has no chance
to develop Longhorn as more than a PR release.
Reply to this comment
the power curve
by alek_nedic May 18, 2007 5:31 AM PDT
http://www.analogstereo.com/vacuum/miele_s185.htm
never cared of mentioning ReiserFS
by September 10, 2004 10:21 AM PDT
Many features of WinFS can be found in ReiserFS an open source file system. The author didn't even mention it in his article.

check out http://www.namesys.com/whitepaper.html
Reply to this comment
A new display system called Avalon
by M. T. MacPhee September 10, 2004 10:48 AM PDT
Let me get this straight. In two years (and counting - these
folks have already proven beyond any doubt that they have no
idea about time) Windows will have a new display system.

Meanwhile, back on OS X, we have already enjoyed a new display
system for two years. Its called Quartz, which is Display PDF.
Ever noticed how a PDF document can be enlarged and enlarged,
and is always crisp, with no jaggies? Same thing on the Mac
screen. Of course, anything you see on the screen can be a PDF
document, too. Very handy. Saves huge amounts of time.

Oh, yeah. We have already had an update to Quartz: Quartz
Extreme. Does the word FAST have any meaning for you? This is
available right now, today, on any Mac you buy. No waiting two
more years.

Of course, you also get the advanced Mac OS X searching utility,
Exposé, and the Mac Finder to get you to your files. It is not
Spotlight which we will get next year (sounds like Windows may
never get anything like this), but the combo sure beats Windows
solutions. More speed.

Why not add a Mac to your computing arsenal today?

Warning: Macs are habit forming.

Mike
Reply to this comment
you can't really be that stupid. can you?
by mortis9 September 10, 2004 4:09 PM PDT
did you forgot what mac need just a few years ago. they basically tossed out all of their old customers and said: "if you want your system to work, buy our new os and new hard ware or you're S.O.L." If microsoft had the luxury of ignoring legacy software this product would be to market next week. Writing new, innovative, robust, software meant to take advantage of brand new technology, isn't at all easy to have complete compatibility with software and hardware nearly a decade old. Microsoft is akin to a man trying to fix the whole building, apple just threw out one chair and replaced it with a new one. The two are in no way comparable. "mac is addicting" - sure, for those who don't mind buying everything new, from a tiny cache of software/hardware.
View all 2 replies
New features in Longhorn
by M. T. MacPhee September 10, 2004 11:07 AM PDT
You know, I followed the 'new features' link in this story and the
the story it linked to, and I never did find any "New Features". I
found lots of promises. I found lots of "You have no idea how
good this will be because we haven't shared yet".

No features, though.

May I suggest that if you want innovation, you chose the
company that is famous for it: Apple.

For information on smoothly adding a Mac to your computing
arsenal, go here: < http://www.apple.com/switch/ >.

Warning: Macs are habit forming.

Mike
Reply to this comment
Read the fine print.
by September 12, 2004 10:46 AM PDT
The new features for Longhorn are those that Microsoft has not
cut from OS design. Because Longhorn has never made it to
commercial release everything new includes nothing that has
been promised. So, in reality, anything that appears in Lonhorn
will be "new" by default even if 95% of what was promised in the
early 1990's is conspicuously missing.
There is a difference between DisplayPDF and Avalon...
by rbethell September 10, 2004 11:38 AM PDT
DisplayPDF uses PDF as its render engine (which advances it a little, but not far, beyond Display PostScript which has been around for years.)

Avalon uses an SGML-like XML based markup language. The ability to do user interfaces such as XAML in a markup language, rather than in code, is a significant advance for developers. For the end user? Perhaps not so big a deal. For developers? The importance cannot be understated.
Reply to this comment
Core graphics for developers
by Aphelion September 10, 2004 2:53 PM PDT
The ability of OSX to natively view and accurately scale PDF files
faster than Acrobat, not to mention the ability to create PDF files
from any application as an option in the print dialog box makes
OSX a superior solution for sharing documents and images.

As far as the underlying graphics engine, Apple's Quartz broke
new ground by harnessing the GPU to draw the interface, while
providing advanced capabilities such as transparency.

OSX "Tiger" (due out a full year and a half ahead of Longhorn)
will introduce "Core Video" to join "Core Audio" as a tool to allow
programmers and developers to take advantage of OSX's
powerful graphics engine.
View reply
Big difference
by September 12, 2004 10:50 AM PDT
The singular difference between Avalon and Apple's Quatrz/PDF
capabilities is that Apple has a working product while Avalon
does not exist as a commercial product.
Bottom-line
by Thomas, David October 13, 2004 9:52 AM PDT
Are you developing for it n now?
Do you have a product now?
Are you making money for it now?
Do you have a business model now?

---
It's a promise that does not exist. Smoke and mirrors
PDF, Avalon, or...
by February 9, 2005 2:34 AM PST
I'd rather put my money on LookingGlass if I
want to see something really interesting. I find
myself more keenly watching whats going on with
the LG project than anything else thats desktop
related. But, thats just me.
View reply
64-bit processing
by September 12, 2004 11:09 AM PDT
Apple promises Tiger will be a fully functional 64-bit OS with
32-bit compatibility in 2005. When will Microsoft deliver its 64-
bit OS?
Reply to this comment
MS Stock means what?
by September 12, 2004 5:33 PM PDT
Seriously, considering MS's abject failure with Longhorn and
Internet Explorer, and ri produce a functional 64-bit OS what
gives you the confidence that MS stock will maintain its value?

How do you anticipate the developers of Unix and Linux OS's to
change in the next 5 years, especially considerig 64-bit
development is already being promoted by non-MS companies?

Unless MS can produce more than promises, excuses, and delays
MS will be considered an archaic rather than progessive
company. That will not help maintain stock value.
Reply to this comment
Meat Moose or Meat Head?
by David Arbogast September 13, 2004 8:35 AM PDT
This Meat Moose character is really out of touch. Blind anti-Microsoft comments suggesting that Apple is the future... ROFLMAO... Hey... catch up, Meat Moose... the world is not flying past Windows users, the world is made up of Windows users.
Reply to this comment
Hmmm.
by September 13, 2004 12:00 PM PDT
Another unintelligent Microsoft apologist, a person who resorts
to insults because they are incapable of forming an objective,
cogent argument and are unable to answer direct questions.
View reply
some MS !!! history
by Dimitris Tsichles September 14, 2004 3:29 AM PDT
Every one who likes Windows and MS must HIDE and be assamed of theirselves.
BECAUSE Mac Apple Linux Unix JAVA Novell etc are the Good guys. BUT :

In 80's there were Amigas - Ataris - Singlair QL - CUBE (!!! display postcript if you know). Black boxes with specific capabilities and hardware.

Then there was GOOD MS with VERY BAD first generation windows.

Every two or three years people had to upgrade or buy a new PC , To be able to run bad OS like win95 - 98 - me 2000 and so. Spend money to have Direct X graphics faster CPU's / GPU's, better Sound Cards more RAM HD etc..

BUT: who drove this "NEED for SPEED" race. BAD Microsoft, which OS created needs and hardware vendors followed.

So there were two history road paths:
1. Stay in black boxes (which Amiga is my 80's love), and donnot PAY the upgrade to 2004 path

2. Pay the way (as eventually happened) and Have MAC users with ATI video cards laugh at MS's TODAY GDI interface, LINUX guys huppy with the mainframe desktops capable of running their OS, and SUN with JAVA having Plenty of processing power to run their p-code (!!!) compiled object oriented crap.

Without 80s-90s evolution today's world (IT and non IT) be completely different (better or worst).

Before looking at your favorite MAC OS transparencies and blame MS, think that some people payed for this evolution and these are not the mere 5% or 7% of MAC Users !!!.

Today we have GOOD WINDOWS from a BAD COMPANY. In Greece we say: "One hand helps the other and both clean the face"

Good luck with LINUXMACJAVANOVELLWINDOWS story and sorry for spell mistakes.
Reply to this comment
Windows is technological obsolescence
by September 14, 2004 10:48 AM PDT
If MS put as much effort into OS development as marketing of
Windows then Longhorn would not be nearly 10 years late, XP
could be euthanized, Internet Explorer dismissed, and MS would
have the braggin' rights to the most used and advanced OS.

The fact remains that MS has issued only promises and press
releases, and excuses and obfuscation will not sustain any
organization. People want products that work, are delivered on
time, and are affordable. MS is continually falling behind the
technological curve and every day each Windows user is slipping
into technological obsolescence.

OS X and Linux will be the foundation for the next generation of
OS's. MS is only left to offer Windows users Service Packs for
bloated and outmoded programming. So, if you prefer
anachronism to progression continue to use Windows.
View reply
mircosoft
by November 25, 2004 9:36 PM PST
mircosoft or mob boss
what kind of company know that there product is not right and yet still sell it?
they use us the end user to get most if not all the bugs out so bill gates, wont have to pay xtra over time to get rid of them.
wake up world go linux show bill gates who gets millions of bucks a day what we want! not what he tells us we need. when we make a stand we will all be more happy. slow pc's high components the list is never ending.
when will he bring out a OS that wont have any bugs, mind you there will allways be bugs in any os these days. software is like water one drop leads to a river of faulty software, as long as these people keep pushing there gear on us end users, it will never end. stand up for the right to free software and better speeds on the internet. long live cable and fiber optic cause we sure in hell need it.
Reply to this comment
slow pc's high components
by alek_nedic May 18, 2007 5:31 AM PDT
http://www.analogstereo.com/vacuum/miele_s183.htm
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