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January 16, 2007 10:54 AM PST

Newsmaker: Behind the Anshe Chung DMCA complaint

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In December, Second Life land baroness Anshe Chung, the avatar of a Chinese businesswoman named Ailin Graef, gave an interview to CNET News.com inside the virtual world.

As has been widely reported, that interview, which took place in front of a packed house in CNET Networks' Second Life theater, was sabotaged by a group of "griefers" who attacked Anshe Chung with a 15-minute digital barrage of flying penises and doctored pornographic images.

Shortly afterward, a video of the entire attack, set to a pop music soundtrack, appeared on video-sharing site YouTube, and subsequent articles in The Sydney Morning Herald and on the tech culture blog Boing Boing contained screenshots culled from the video.

Outraged by the video and the collection of images used in the news reports--which spread quickly across the Internet--Ailin Graef's husband and business partner, Guntram Graef, fired off a Digital Millennium Copyright Act complaint to YouTube, which pulled the video, citing a "copyright infringement" violation.

In the DMCA complaint, the Graefs argued that because Second Life users own the content they create, the video and the photographs used Anshe Chung's image without permission.

But while YouTube acted quickly, legal experts argued that use of the images in the media was protected by fair use doctrine, and that attempts to make the video and photos go away were tantamount to a chill on media freedoms. The DMCA, signed into law in 1998, is intended to extend copyright protection to material published on the Internet.

Late last week, YouTube recast its rationale for deleting the offending video, calling it a "terms of service violation," even as new copies of the video began to populate the service, as well as Google Video. YouTube did not elaborate.

Now, for the first time, Guntram Graef has talked about why he filed the DMCA complaint in the first place and why he eventually repudiated that claim.

In an exclusive interview held in Anshe Chung Studios' new Second Life furniture emporium, Graef explained his reasoning behind those issues and more.

Q: How would you like to start?
Guntram Graef: I think there have been a lot of misperceptions and misunderstandings.

How so?
Graef: First of all I would like to make it clear that I regret filing DMCA claims in this case, because the real issue at hand wasn't at all about copyright. I didn't realize that some people would misunderstand this as a censorship attempt, which it definitely was not. What got lost in the whole coverage of the issue was that initially I had contacted all parties involved and tried to engage them in a dialogue about the inappropriateness of the graphical material they distributed.

The video and pictures are clearly defaming and constitute a sexual assault. What has never been a question was the free flow of information. I think everybody at Anshe Chung Studios believes in how important it is that the press can report on events and facts without censorship. This does not mean that it is appropriate to distribute pornographic material that people created to harm a woman.

If the effort it takes to file repeated claims is greater than the effort to create an account and repost a video, then certainly something is flawed.

How are they defaming? Isn't it just parody? Bad taste, but parody nonetheless?
Graef: I think what many people in the U.S. and Australia have not been aware of is that Ailin is Chinese, and showing photos of her that have been manipulated into hugging huge penises and stuff like that is quite devastating in this culture. But even according to American standards, I think imagery that shows penises forced onto a woman is a gross sexual assault and by far not a parody.

I can appreciate that, but because Anshe Chung is a public figure, the fact that the event happened made it a news event. And the images--at least on Boing Boing and The Sydney Morning Herald--were depictions of a news event.
Graef: I agree. This is why we never tried to hinder news outlets reporting on the event. However, this does not mean that you have to distribute the pornographic images produced by the attackers. Boing Boing and The Sydney Morning Herald used material that the attackers created themselves. The whole event only had the purpose to produce graphical material and distribute it on the Internet to harm Ailin.

(I feel) some media outlets allowed themselves to be (used) for that. But even if you assume that they did not break any laws in Australia, the U.S., Germany or China, it is still very unnecessary and tasteless and discredits the Western media and the whole concept of freedom of speech in many parts of the world.

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Ailin Graef, Guntram Graef, DMCA, Second Life, YouTube

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This is NOT NEWS!!!
by hutchike January 16, 2007 11:47 AM PST
Summary: Somebody interviewed someone, and they were harrassed.

What a pile of crap. If I held CNET shares, I'd sell them today in protest at this ridiculous use of their tech news journalism web site.
Reply to this comment
Yeah....
by Koo Breez January 16, 2007 11:53 AM PST
If this was the newspaper, this article would be on the bottom of the sports page with all the rest of the strip club and porn advertisements.
It's news around here, apparently...
by gabegard January 16, 2007 3:46 PM PST
I saw that someone commented that since adding an online presence in Second Life, CNET was doing at least one 'news' item about it every day. I started taking notice, and it's actually more like two or more stories a day. CNET really should just create a SL section and get this stuff out of the real News section.
absolutely IS news
by skeptik January 17, 2007 6:32 AM PST
You are very wrong. No, it's not particulary news worthy that some gamer was harrassed and offended. But it is huge news that some Chinese dingbat tried to impose Chinese moral standards on the rest of the world and censor news of the event.
He must not be allowed to get away with this, every response must be met with a truckload of criticism.
He's pissed his wife was defamed. But he has no right to make the world ignore the event and pretend it didn't happen. We must deny his attempts to do so vigorously.
I Agree
by larryc92039 January 18, 2007 12:49 PM PST
Who cares what a bunch of no-life losers do?
Regardless of...
by MTGrizzly January 16, 2007 12:53 PM PST
...his attempts to explain to the contrary, this was an
inappropriate use of the DMCA, (a horrifically bad law, by the
way), to prevent the dissemination of what he thought was
unflattering content. There never was any copyright violation
and, unless this person lacks insight or the ability to call a
lawyer, (solicitor), he never should have approached the problem
that way.

It seems to me, if this avatar "Anshe Chung," (I have a life, I don't
need Second Life, so I am not familiar with anything other than
what has been in the press), thought there was a copyright
violation, good business practice would have demanded that the
avatar send a cease and desist letter to YouTube allegeding a
copyright violation. Otherwise, one could argue that this "avatar"
had abandoned the copyright claim because of improper
attempts to protect it.

How can you defame an avatar, anyway? We already live in a
litigious society, do we really want to extend the right to assert a
cause of action for defamation, et ceter to non-entities like
avatars? How can one "sexually assault" an avatar?

This was an attempt at censorship, plain and simple, and he
should just admit what it really was and try and move on and
rebuild his reputation. Fortunately, for both parties to this
silliness, being petty and dumb is not actionable or illegal...
Reply to this comment
In the good old days...
by dmm January 16, 2007 1:43 PM PST
the husband could have demanded satisfaction, and shown the harassers to be the cowards they are.

To the naysayers: Pretend someone posted digitally-made "videos" of your mother being raped. Would that be funny? Is that freedom of expression? Is that protected speech? If you don't answer "no, no, and no" then I feel sorry for you.
Reply to this comment
Well...
by Neo Con January 16, 2007 1:50 PM PST
I seem to recall Hustler magazine creating an advertisement depicting a prominent Christian evangelist in a very unflattering manner a while back. If memory serves, they even won the right to do so in the US Supreme Court.

If someone is a well-known figure, they are fair game for satire, even the tasteless, pornographic kind. Suck it up and remember that we live in the land of the free. Sadly, those who live in China, like Chung or whatever his name is, probably don't understand that since censorship is a way of life for them.
Different situation
by eimboden January 16, 2007 3:10 PM PST
Actually, that analogy is incorrect. If someone made a digital "video" of my mother's AVATAR being raped, I don't think that I'd care.
This isnt a rape video
by Vurk January 18, 2007 6:58 AM PST
If someone made a video of your grandmother being raped, that would be a bad thing, and actionable.

But this is not that. This is like your grandmothers *video game character* being digitally altered to appear in an embarrassing situation.

Second Life is a video game, it is not Reality. Any "land baron" in a video game deserves the same respect as your average gold farmer in Everquest or WoW.
If I play Sid Meiers' 'Railroads' and become a land baron in that game, can I give YouTube DMCA takedown notices for any videos that show my character in a bad light?
What about the obvious Flag as Inappropriate link?
by cristianodiaz January 16, 2007 1:59 PM PST
It is bad enough that this story keeps getting repeated press, but now Guntram is so blatantly covering his ass because of negative publicity and the interviewer goes along with it without question. Guntram's statements about filing a DMCA being the only way to alert YouTube is preposterous. On every single video on the site, there is a link that says "FLAG AS INAPPROPRIATE". It has clear instructions on it and says that the videos will be reviewed in 24-48 hours. The DMCA filing was a power trip, and honestly, there should be some penalty for misusing them.

I also can't believe Guntram can talk about freedom of speech, a topic he does seem to know the first thing about. If c|net is going to continue to give PR thinly veiled as interviews, at least try to ask some actual tough questions.
Reply to this comment
I think the interview was fair...
by skeptik January 17, 2007 6:36 AM PST
The interviewer took a neutral stance. They asked questions and let the man's stupidity speak for itself. If the interviewer had taken an confrontational stance, that would have been inappropriate.
what caught my attention
by Dalkorian January 16, 2007 2:58 PM PST
The comment in this article that caught my attention was this:

"Graef: Maybe the griefers used an exploit. My expectation
would be that Linden Lab swiftly research that problem and
close that loophole. Otherwise it would raise questions about
how ready Second Life actually is for professional use."

Uh, maybe someone should tell this guy that Second Life is
actually a GAME and not intended for "professional" use. Unless
I'm missing the point of Second Life, I have enough trouble
keeping up with my first life to think of indulging in a second
one.

Of course, if you see this as a game (as I do), then it takes most
of the air out of his arguments doesn't it. It starts to look pretty
silly when you start making claims of "sexual assult" from
pixelated ******* against a cartoon image.
Reply to this comment
Second life is used by more and more corporations
by ralfthedog January 16, 2007 3:18 PM PST
I don't use Second Life myself, however more and more corporations are finding it a very useful business tool.

I just did a quick search, and found American Apparel, W Hotels, Toyota, Adidas, Sun Micro Systems.

Harvard Law School Is now using Second Life to teach distance learning classes. It all sounds silly to me, however I have not used it yet, so I don't have the right to that opinion.

Many talented people are making a great deal of real life money in Second Life. Many people who are some what less talented than they think are spending quite a bit trying.
View reply
One other note,
by ralfthedog January 16, 2007 3:23 PM PST
Anshe Chung was the first person to make over one million dollars real world money in second life. I think she could claim financial damage from defamation of character (To be honest I would bet that the publicity she got from this is making her more money).
View all 2 replies
Guntram Graef Lied Again
by PeteySA January 16, 2007 4:39 PM PST
As the person who published the video in question, as well as
the pictures that were the cause of all this consternation (still
and forevermore available here: http://
www.somethingawful.com/index.php?a=4336) I would like to
say that Guntram lied when he said this:

"What got lost in the whole coverage of the issue was that
initially I had contacted all parties involved and tried to engage
them in a dialogue about the inappropriateness of the graphical
material they distributed."

Because he never contacted me. Never made the effort. And
from what I hear from other people, his original messages to
them were brusque demands, not engagements.

No matter. I can see why Anshe Chung Studios would be
concerned with burnishing the public image of their figurehead,
who, if I may remind everyone, started out in Second Life as a
virtual *****.
Reply to this comment
Publicity Stunt
by kieranmullen January 16, 2007 7:48 PM PST
Not news. This person is not rich. The status of her wealth relies 100% on the sucess of the servers of SL and them bringin in new users.
Reply to this comment
Publicity Stunt
by kieranmullen January 16, 2007 7:48 PM PST
Not news. This person is not rich. The status of her wealth relies 100% on the sucess of the servers of SL and them bringin in new users.
Reply to this comment
OK, this is starting to get old
by Dachi January 17, 2007 2:24 AM PST
I will be the first to admit that most of the people complaining about stories carried here are usually wrong, but I must say that this is very old news now.

Daniel was the teporter in the interview. Now he is trying to turn some griefer bugging him online into some kind of major freedom of speech thing for the sake of his own personal gain.

Daniel, Wikipedia decided not to delete you, it is time to let this go.

The people who don't have accounts on SL don't care.

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/10/19/terdiman_rosedale_resume/
Reply to this comment
Ailin Graef is another Paris Hilton
by minonda January 19, 2007 9:30 AM PST
Worthless, famous but with no actual worthwhile talent or merit. So she has amassed a large real-world sum of money for playing a game online? She's a powerful dictator and landlord in am imaginary place? She is crafty and conniving and has become successful because of it. Wow, what a contribution to humanity and the quality of all our lives. Please, why is someone like her worth anyone's attention?
Reply to this comment
Ailin Graef is another Paris Hilton
by minonda January 19, 2007 9:30 AM PST
Worthless, famous but with no actual worthwhile talent or merit. So she has amassed a large real-world sum of money for playing a game online? She's a powerful dictator and landlord in an imaginary place? She is crafty and conniving and has become successful because of it. Wow, what a contribution to humanity and the quality of all our lives. Please, why is someone like her worth anyone's attention?
Reply to this comment
Ailin Graef is another Paris Hilton
by minonda January 19, 2007 9:30 AM PST
Worthless, famous but with no actual worthwhile talent or merit. So she has amassed a large real-world sum of money for playing a game online? She's a powerful dictator and landlord in an imaginary place? She is crafty and conniving and has become successful because of it. Wow, what a contribution to humanity and the quality of all our lives. Please, why is someone like her worth anyone's attention?
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