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November 4, 2008 5:00 AM PST

President Obama? Web sites bet it's a done deal

by Declan McCullagh

After the votes were tallied on Election Day four years ago, the big winners turned out to be the betting Web sites that predicted George W. Bush's re-election.

U.K.-based Betfair correctly predicted that Bush would stay in office and gave him 2-to-1 odds of beating his Democratic rival, Sen. John Kerry. The odds at Dublin-based Tradesports.com were similarly accurate, giving Bush a 58 percent chance to win and Kerry a 42 percent chance.

This year, the predictions are far more dramatic. Betfair's national election chart puts the probability of a President Barack Obama at 94 percent and the probability of John McCain winning at just 7 percent. Obama's odds are up from below 90 percent last week.


What a change a few months make. In May, Obama and McCain were at rough parity. In mid-September, they were almost at parity--in other words, even odds--after Sarah Palin was nominated as the Republican vice presidential candidate. Then the odds of an Obama presidency broke sharply upward, roughly at the same time the financial crisis hit and the bailout bill was approved.

Similarly, Intrade puts Obama at about 92 percent, and McCain at about 9 percent. Other relevant odds: a 36 percent chance Obama will win 370 or more electoral college votes; an 80.7 chance of a U.S. recession in 2008; and a 79 percent chance of substantial income-tax hikes next year.

In general, betting exchanges tend to be surprisingly accurate in their predictions. One explanation is that it's easy enough to offer predictions when being wrong means only potential embarrassment for a blogger or would-be pundit. But when there's a financial penalty for making a mistake, results tend to line up far more closely with reality.

Well, most of the time. Sometimes betting markets--also called prediction markets--do a better job of reflecting conventional wisdom than offering a glimpse of the future.

During the 2008 New Hampshire primary, Obama attracted more enthusiastic crowds than rival Hillary Clinton. Intrade put his odds of winning at a remarkable 54 percent, while a traditional pollster said Obama would get only 28 percent of the vote.

We know how that turned out: Clinton won the state. (Perhaps more to the point, as recently as winter 2007, Intrade had Obama at something like a 10 percent of winning and Rudy Giuliani at 20 percent.)

While Internet-based betting may be novel, political odds-making enjoys a venerable tradition. Two economics professors, Paul Rhode and Koleman Strumpf, once calculated that betting markets predicted the popular-vote winner in every presidential race but one between 1884 and 1940. (In that 1916 race, gamblers were offering even odds between Woodrow Wilson and Charles Hughes.)

Rhode and Strumpf are working on a paper--a publicly available version (PDF) is dated August 2008--that looks at the international history of betting markets. It says election betting was popular in Italian city-states as far back as 1500. And in the United States during the 1830s, politicians including Martin van Buren either bet on themselves or encouraged others to do so.

"While it is sometimes claimed that political betting markets are a recent invention, they clearly are not," Rhode and Strumpf write. "Rather, it is the absence of such markets during the mid- and late-20th century which is the exception."

Declan McCullagh, CNET News' chief political correspondent, chronicles the intersection of politics and technology. He has covered politics, technology, and Washington, D.C., for more than a decade, which has turned him into an iconoclast and a skeptic of anyone who says, "We oughta have a new federal law against this." E-mail Declan.
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by inachu November 4, 2008 5:17 AM PST
Who wants to bet like in Florida McCain has cousins around the USA rigging the polls telling police not to let certain people in buildings so they can't vote or having a building closed for building code violations and such.

Lets keep those records online and shame them.
Reply to this comment
by Lerianis November 4, 2008 8:33 AM PST
I have to agree. If Obama DOESN'T win, there is something seriously wrong with the voting system, considering that nearly 75% of the people polled in some polls said that they were going to vote for Obama, who are under the age of 40.
by mostafa mabrouk November 4, 2008 10:26 PM PST
I am not going to say something about this ,but you have two skilfull candidates,who are cabable to lead the american nation to more glory and prosperity.i just watched the final results of election.i heard the speech oh John Mccain\
i deeply impressed.He was honest in front of people and voters.my best regards to this man
by the_redistributor November 4, 2008 5:20 AM PST
God forbid that socialist Obama wins!
Reply to this comment
by inachu November 4, 2008 5:54 AM PST
McCain is more communist than Obama. PNAC,AIPAC,AEI linked to him prove it!
by open-mind November 4, 2008 10:27 AM PST
Careful now. The great and powerful Obama does not like it when people use the S-word. From now on, the S-word may be practiced, but not spoken. Instead you may use the politically correct word "fairnessism", which means the same thing. And be sure to sprinkle in some "hope" and "change" for good measure.
by Hernys November 4, 2008 11:15 AM PST
Having lived in even mild socialist countries, I can tell you Obama is no socialist.
But even if he were a socialist, even more, a communist, he has fewer chances of destroying America than Palin. Have you heard her? Have you seen how easy she is to fool? The US is a solid country and can survive Obama, Clinton, Carter, even Bush. But cannot survive Palin. Either because of complete economic collapse, full scale international war (even atomic) or total administrative mess, she's capable to disintegrate the US.
I'd rather go with four years of mild socialism than with the end of this great country.
by Spedione November 4, 2008 5:28 AM PST
Last time I checked, 94% and 7% don't add up to 100%, and it even says on the picture "Likelihood of winning 94% to 6%".
Reply to this comment
by BlitzBoy1120 November 4, 2008 6:32 AM PST
What are you trying to say, because 94+6=100.
by Michichael November 4, 2008 9:43 AM PST
"President Barack Obama at 94 percent and the probability of John McCain winning at just 7 percent."

And the picture shows 96% vs 5%. Doesn't add up to 100.
by Michichael November 4, 2008 9:44 AM PST
Looks like the chart's dynamic - just changed to 95%-5%, but the story still shows inaccurate percentiles.
by declan00 November 4, 2008 6:04 PM PST
Probably a rounding issue.
by karpenterskids November 4, 2008 6:05 AM PST
I've been predicting that Obama would win since Hilary left the race.

And I don't use any special methods, either.
Just the fact that McCain is too closely associated with Bush (who has approval ratings so terrible, he won't even endorse a candidate for fear of crashing their campaign), as well as the fact that 90% of black voters will choose Obama anyways...who's also the face of "change" (be it socialism or not)...

It's obvious.
Even though I personally voted for McCain, I feel/already-know that Obama is going to win this election.


God Bless America. Please, we're begging You.
Reply to this comment
by Seaspray0 November 4, 2008 10:26 AM PST
Here's something to ponder. Those states which traditionally have a high black population (the south) such as texas, mississippi, louisiana, georgia... almost all these states have shown in the polls to be voting for the McCain by a substantial margin. This doesn't match a claim that 90% of black voters will choose Obama (whose heritage is both black and white if you bothered to check). Perhaps we are a country that is finally realizing a dream where race doesn't matter. When I vote today, it will be based on the issues. I can't afford to waste my vote on somthing as stupid as racisim.
by smallvoice November 4, 2008 7:09 AM PST
How can Obama protect you, when he cannot protect the most vulnerable human being in the womb?
Obama is all rhetoric, no substance.
How can he lead a group of people, never mind America, when he cannot tell between a man and a woman?
Reply to this comment
by Lerianis November 4, 2008 8:35 AM PST
Oh, get off of it. While I believe that abortion is murder, until you religious whackos start realizing that the BEST way to keep abortions from being necessary is to put girls on birth control starting at 7 or whenever they start their first period (whichever is sooner).... abortion is going to be around.
by Laserdisc November 4, 2008 7:27 AM PST
Who ever wins.... we lose.
Reply to this comment
by Lerianis November 4, 2008 8:35 AM PST
No, we don't.
by nigeleccles November 4, 2008 8:12 AM PST
Obama is not only heavily odds on favorite to win. There is also a good chance that he wins by a landslide: http://www.hubdub.com/m18225/Will_Barack_Obama_win_a_landslide_victory_at_least_23_of_electoral_college_votes
Reply to this comment
by shane717 November 4, 2008 10:07 AM PST
Most if these people that responded to "polls" and ssaid they will vote for the socialist Obamba, WILL NOT VITE AS THEY SAID.Their answers are based on fear if being called
racist or bigots. The real Americans that believe in our country and our accomplishments as a nation, will vote for Senator John McCain.When the issues are truely examined there is no choice but John McCain.A vote for John McCain is a vote ti defend our beloved country, and a vote to defend our American way if life. This is a critical election. You life and liberities are at stake...This has been a media run campaign all the way..ignore it and vote your own mind !!
Reply to this comment
by ddesy November 4, 2008 10:33 AM PST
Too bad you don't really understand socialism. If you did, you wouldn't call Obama a socialist.

John McCain is nothing but a liar. One lie after another does not make what he says the truth.
by Hernys November 4, 2008 11:19 AM PST
That comment about the "real americans" is bordering nazism (which stands for National Socialism, in case you don't know).
The REAL AMERICANS will vote for whatever they want. If they like the current state of affairs, and can do with the risk of being governed by someone that doesn't know who the PM of Canada is (despite governing a state bordering Canada exclusively) then they'll vote Republican. Otherwise, they'll vote for whoever else is there to vote or abstain from voting.
by shane--2008 November 4, 2008 11:57 AM PST
ah the real americans, by which you mean the small minded low IQ tiny horizon minority that that vote conservative.

well "fake" america is coming to throw your worthless @ss out. and good riddance. you and your mindless jingoistic followers are exactly what the majority of the human race evolved beyond some time ago. shame you and your kind can't keep up.

have fun in the 13th century.
by the_iceman November 4, 2008 10:56 AM PST
I just hope that old man mccain & Sarah Clueless don't win. Obama will need to battle through the racism that still exists in our country, but I believe he'll be victorious later today. He reminds me of a passionate young JFK.
Barack the vote!

We got ya back here in Oregon :)
Reply to this comment
by optimystic November 4, 2008 2:02 PM PST
A couple of points to answer the math issues raised by others and to address the possibility of errors by betting houses...

They charge winners a fee, so the percentages can add up to a little over 100 and the house still makes money.

Betting houses do not gamble. They set the returns based on how the betting is going. If more people started betting on McCain, they would shift the odds to even it out. They offer a service; letting people bet against each other and taking a cut. That's why the line on a sports event goes up and down even when there is no news to drive it; too many peope bet on one time and they move the line to make the other more attractive and even the money. They don't always get it exact, but generally keep it close enough for their take to cover it and it averages out.
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by notahat44 November 4, 2008 2:29 PM PST
I'm really happy Barak is going to win, but people seem to give too much credit (either way) to whoever is President. Don't forget there are much larger forces at work - like a Gigantic Nameless Social Disease that we all have to take responsiblity for.
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by notahat44 November 4, 2008 2:55 PM PST
Oh, and here's a link to a related article by Douglas Rushkoff. If you haven't heard of this guy - check him out. He's not only witty, but very insightful and cuts through all the "crap" of politics and economics. http://news.cnet.com/8301-13578_3-10082013-38.html

p.s. Yay Obama!
Reply to this comment
by Too Old For IT November 4, 2008 9:35 PM PST
I used to have hope of a decent job to carry me to retirement. Now I have worry that i won't find room in a homeless shelter to lay my head until I die.
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by mostafa mabrouk November 4, 2008 11:31 PM PST
election race was great and competition was over bribe.Obama will restore lost confidence in out side world,same time will improve politic-economic relations with most countries,specialy in africa since
supporters to him over imagination
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