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October 20, 2008 9:12 AM PDT

Bob Metcalfe cheers global warming bubble

by Martin LaMonica

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--Self-described "Internet tycoon" and venture capitalist Bob Metcalfe said that the world can solve global warming by transferring Silicon Valley-style entrepreneurship to the plodding energy field.

Metcalfe on Monday reprised his EnerNet talk where he draws on the history of the Internet to challenge today's thinking on energy. The co-inventor of Ethernet and current clean-tech investor at Polaris Ventures spoke at the Lux Research's Executive Summit here.

Bob Metcalfe

Overall, Metcalfe is optimistic that technology can solve the problem of global warming, either through through new technologies or geoengineering.

But he argues that many people are operating with the wrong assumptions of how the energy business works. Extrapolating today's energy technologies--the floor--on tomorrow's energy problems is the wrong way to look at the problem.

Instead, people should expect energy to change like the development of the Internet, where there were a number of disruptive technology introductions that were built on top of each other over time.

"If the Internet is any guide, it's going to take us decades to solve energy," Metcalfe said. "The fact that we are looking at long times suggests we should look at 'ceilings' (of technologies' potential) rather than floors (today's technology)."

Also, there are many business fields, or categories, that are now considered separate but do indeed overlap, the way that data, voice, and video eventually converged online.

In energy, government mandates favored the production of corn ethanol, which has created a food versus fuel debate that has brought criticism of biofuels. "When you muck with fuel markets, you are mucking with feeds and fuels also, we just found out," he said.

With the influx of venture capital going to fund clean, or green, tech start-ups, many people are concerned that there is an investment bubble.

Metcalfe sees a bubble forming around global warming, where there is a movement of consumers and businesses to address the problem. But bubbles are a good thing, Metcalfe said.

"From Internet history, we know that bubbles are normal. Bubbles are an accelerator of technology progress. Bubbles go against the status quo. We should encourage bubbles," he said.

Another against-the-grain view that Metcalfe likes to voice is that conservation, or efficiency, is not the best target when it comes to policy and investment.

The early scientists who worked on the precursor to the Internet decades ago designed networking protocols to operate on the existing copper-wire network. But technology advances and an infrastructure build-out proved that approach to be misguided. And the abundance of bandwidth and computing power led to more innovations like the World Wide Web, he said.

"Conservation should not be our goal," he said. "The goal should be to light up the whole world, not make the United States dark.

The topology of the Internet can also serve as a guide to the electricity distribution grid, Metcalfe said.

Much like workgroups formed in companies when local-area networks and PCs came about, the electricity distribution grid should develop to accommodate more distributed energy.

Several homes, for example, could share energy produced from a shared fuel cell. Energy should be exchanged along the "edge" of the network, rather than simply distributed from central stations. Energy storage, too, is essential to greater use of wind and solar energies, he said.

He suggests that research universities take the lead in energy innovation, where small teams of researchers and entrepreneurs compete against each other. As an example, he cited Web content-distribution network Akamai Technologies, which was created by people from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Some conference attendees challenged Metcalfe's parallels between the Internet and energy, noting that efficiency technologies cut waste and that solar, for example, has not had rapid innovation because government funding is very small compared with other technologies like nuclear.

Metcalfe's response was that getting Internet tycoons into the energy field will bring surprises, just the way they came to the Internet.

"It's easier to teach Silicon Valley innovation to energy than to accept energy's bad technology assumptions," he said.

Martin LaMonica is a senior writer for CNET's Green Tech blog. He started at CNET News in 2002, covering IT and Web development. Before that, he was executive editor at IT publication InfoWorld. E-mail Martin.
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by Manhattan2 October 20, 2008 10:17 AM PDT
Mr. Metcalfe should contact the retired engineers at Sensible Ventures if he is looking for where to find the answers to energy innovation. A small group of talented engineers and software developers that were in the computer tech business from the early days have already been using their skills to find solutions in energy and exploration. Track them down at Solar Transfer or Sensible Ventures.
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by ipashchuk October 20, 2008 10:47 AM PDT
Since the sun has by far the most impact on Earth's termperature (99.99%+), perhaps, we could devise a shield that would essentially act as a thermostat to keep Earth's overall temperature constant. One problem is determining what is considered normal overall temperature -- in the last millenium we've had it both cooler and warmer than it is today...

It doesn't make sense to focus on 0.01% of impact that humans have on Earth's temperature.
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by mrwater October 20, 2008 1:03 PM PDT
One reason your suggestion is not likely to succeed is that the problem is not necessarily how much of the sun's energy impinges on the planet. We need the light to grow crops. The disruption we have caused lies in how much of the sun's energy is trapped by greenhouse gases.
by bj1126 October 20, 2008 11:34 AM PDT
I love his counter conservation approach. For example when you look at the Google model for energy development they make HUGE assumptions on the conservation side. Something like that requires too much authoritarian control over consumption. Our plan has to involve a base energy generation increase going forward not a decrease that attempts to make up the difference in conservation.
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by mrwater October 20, 2008 1:10 PM PDT
I think we need to contemplate conservation from the standpoint of having the price of consumption reflect its true costs, including environmental, health and social costs. Our alleged "free market" is already the effect of human decisions. Why not make those decisions in ways that reflect our real needs?
by likeAppnforPhys October 20, 2008 12:28 PM PDT
This is a natural direction for investment in research to take. Internet technology consumes a relatively small amount of energy, although a rigorous energy analysis from raw materials to retail shelves would certainly be worthwhile. Cooling seems to be the biggest energy draw, and this might be a good area to look at.

As far as other energy consumption, technology has a long way to catch up. Consider it takes $40,000 of diesel per year to cool a ranch house in the Australian outback.
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by William Crow October 20, 2008 12:32 PM PDT
I guess when global warming is mentioned it implies "Manmade Global Warming." What a load. Just because there is organizational infrastructure surrounding the issue doesn't mean its true.
It does fit with the political ideals of many.
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by likeAppnforPhys October 20, 2008 12:45 PM PDT
There's some pretty good correlation between CO2 increase and global average temperature. Can you rule out that it's manmade?
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by William Crow October 20, 2008 8:51 PM PDT
There is good history to suggest climate simply changes over time, too. There's also correlation that sun activity greatly influences climate and temperature.
There is correlation of natural and societal changes and opportunist politicians, especially those that attended seminary and learned the constructs of organized religion and applied it to naturally occurring changes and fears within societies.
by William Crow October 20, 2008 1:09 PM PDT
http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fullcomment/archive/2008/10/20/lorne-gunter-thirty-years-of-warmer-temperatures-go-poof.aspx
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by dobermanmacleod October 21, 2008 12:53 AM PDT
Mr Metcalfe is correct: "Extrapolating today's energy technologies--the floor--on tomorrow's energy problems is the wrong way to look at the problem. Instead, people should expect energy to change like the development of the Internet, where there were a number of disruptive technology introductions that were built on top of each other over time. "

Wind a solenoidal coil around a magnet, and apply electricity. The magnetic field is amplified, and the magnetic gradient can be exploited to yield more electricity than was used powering the solenoidal coil. A private California company called Magnetic Power Inc ( www.magneticpowerinc.com ) exceeded breakeven (i.e. produced more electricity than it used) with a prototype in late 2004. MPI will be introducing their solid state power generator onto the market in about a year (I know this is extremely difficult for anyone with scientific training to accept without ironclad proof, having been beaten up many times for distributing this news before the actual product has hit the market).

In my opinion, this is very likely legimate, but I am not associate with the company. Sometimes things that are too good to be true actually turn out to be correct-I strongly believe this is one of those times.
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