In general, most New Year's resolutions tend to last as long as the NFL playoffs. But those who enter the year working for the world's most ambitious technology company won't have that luxury.
Google enters its 12th year as an information and financial powerhouse, holding claim to perhaps the most enviable position on the Internet and worming its way into all sorts of businesses that Internet companies have traditionally avoided. The company shows little sign of slowing down its innovation engine, but as a result of that pace faces competitive threats like never before from other giants of the technology and media worlds.
What should Google leaders Eric Schmidt, Sergey Brin, and Larry Page focus on in 2010? Here are five suggestions:
1. Don't forget where you came from
Search remains Google's cash machine. It ended the year with around 65 percent of the U.S. search market, according to ComScore, and does not appear to be losing any momentum. Microsoft's well-received reinvention of its search efforts in the form of Bing seems to have the main effect of taking business away from Yahoo, its pending search partner, rather than denting Google's advantage.
But the nature of search is changing as the nature of information produced for the Internet changes. Real-time results are now seen as important, and Google has much work to do in order to prove its real-time strategy unveiled in December will produce the same types of relevant results that its main search engine did in rising to the top. Social-networking sites are host to an enormous amount of relevant content that Google can't necessarily find.
Google does not face as many competitive threats in search at the moment as its antitrust defense lawyers would like you to believe. But that doesn't mean that it's not vulnerable to the same sort of scrappy start-up that it once was, operating under the radar with a fresh take on the world. As Schmidt well knows, having imposed a strategy of focusing 70 percent of Google's attention on search, keeping the gravy train running is job No. 1 at Google.
2. Get control of the engineers
This is undoubtedly a controversial notion inside of Google. But the tech history books are raft with giants that slowly grew arrogant and haughty with their success, from IBM to Microsoft. Google knows it needs to avoid traveling down a similar path while catering to an engineering culture that has almost never taken no for an answer.
Simply put, Google's engineers do things because they can. And at some point, that's no longer going to fly as Google enters more and more markets. That's because while much of Google's self-image revolves around avoiding evil, that mindset only applies to users of its products. It doesn't apply to competitors or partners, who have the ability to cry foul if they believe they are the victims of unfair competition (regardless of whether or not it's actually true).
If at some point the government deems Google to have a monopoly in search advertising, expect Google's march into other markets to slow. Engineers may scoff at such restraints, truly believing in the quality and usefulness of their work. But regulators are not engineers, and those folks might arguably hold more power over Google in 2010 than any other force.
3. Get HTML5 standards finalized
Much of Google's strategy for ushering computing into the 21st century revolves around the notion that the browser can be the dominant platform for applications. There are numerous benefits to this approach in theory; software can be much more lightweight and suitable to mobile devices if run over the Internet, malware can't knock out a personal computer that doesn't allow things to be installed locally, and, of course, users who spend their lives on the Internet are more likely to search for information.
But in order to make that vision happen without being labeled as a usurper, Google's representatives on the W3C Working Group for HTML5 must make sure that the various components of the HTML5 technologies are approved in concert with the community of other browser vendors, so that Google is not seen as having a distinct advantage. The company appears to take this very seriously, and the sooner the process can be brought to fruition, the easier it will be for projects like Chrome OS to develop without being seen as an attempt to corner the personal computing market.
4. Live up to the promise of Google Books
Perhaps the biggest albatross around Google's neck in 2009 was its settlement with authors and publishers over Google Book search, a process in which Google managed to turn lemonade into lemons. Its attempt to create a digital library for the ages was vehemently protested by authors, privacy advocates, and copyright experts angry over Google's scan-first ask-later approach to building that database.
Few doubt the value of an open digital library that unlocks access to books stored on musty shelves at exclusive universities. But many are distrustful of Google's intentions when it comes to Google Books, and putting their fears to bay could go a long way toward ending the acrimony over the settlement. A final hearing is scheduled for February, and while Google has already made concessions in response to criticism from the Department of Justice, lining up an independent partner to be a second source of this digital material would take the wind out of much of the opposition's argument.
5. Clarify your mobile strategy
We may get a sense of this one extremely soon, as Google is scheduled to host an Android event Tuesday that most believe will mark the debut of its first Android phone sold directly to the general public.
Google is walking a fine line at the moment, should it really intend to sell its own branded phone. One of the primary reasons that the iPhone took off was that Apple dictated the experience that iPhone users and developers would see, locking the hardware specs and controlling the distribution of software for the platform. Of course, that approach has all kinds of side effects, which appeared to be the primary motivation behind Android: a modern mobile software platform free of such restrictions and available to anyone who wants to make a phone.
However, Google's partners--even if they knew about the Nexus One months ago--are likely to be perplexed by its decision to make its own phone. Will Google developers reserve key Android features for Google devices? Will they cut back on their promotional resources for Open Handset Alliance partners in order to promote their own phone? And why should they trust Google in the future, given that the company has said numerous times that it had no interest in making its own phone?
The beauty of the mobile computing market is that it is truly up for grabs, and that no one company appears ready to dominate in the same manner that Microsoft came to own the PC. But Google will have crossed a line if it really does plan to sell its own phone: it will have leaned on the efforts of others to create a viable market for Android only to swoop in once the software has grown popular with a device of its own.
That means other companies could think twice about partnering with Google in the future.
This one's a surprise. Twitter will have turned a profit in 2009, a BusinessWeek report claims, citing sources. What happened? Search deals with Google and Microsoft brought in a nice chunk of cash for the company, which has raised well over $100 million in venture capital and has a paper valuation floating somewhere around $1 billion.
Considering the company has not yet put forth a long-term revenue strategy, this would be one of those Christmas miracles along the lines of a neurotic mom getting home to her stranded 8-year-old by fortuitously hitching a ride with a polka band fronted by John Candy.
So let's look at the details. Sources told BusinessWeek's Spencer Ante that Twitter's search deals with Google and Microsoft's Bing brought in $15 million and $10 million respectively, and that Twitter has managed to cut some of the high costs related to text-message functionality. (These costs were so exorbitant that Twitter temporarily had to restrict some international SMS codes.) OK, cool. Those numbers are decently plausible, and Twitter's strategic hire of a mobile business-development dude early this year likely had something to do with it. And Ante's article makes it clear that while sources have told him that Twitter will end 2009 on a profitable note, that doesn't mean it's going to be profitable next year.
But there's a difference between being cash-flow positive and being profitable, and it's also not totally clear as to what Twitter's other expenses are, or what they will be next year.
Ante writes:
Now that Twitter has become so popular, it has gained bargaining power with telecom companies and has managed to renegotiate so many deals with carriers that the company pays far less for the services. "Those used to be the biggest line item," says one source. "Generally speaking, those costs have gone away. Now people are the biggest line item."
People. Yes. Like the new office space they just moved into, and their still-expanding payroll, and stuff like that. Also: hardware, and other forms of defensive weaponry against evil whale attacks. The company also sometimes buys stuff, and continues to develop new features--like the current test of "contributors" accounts that it may end up charging for. So even with costs cut via a savvier mobile strategy, there are plenty of other costs that could be escalating simultaneously.
What's good news for Twitter is that getting $25 million out of search deals (if that's indeed true) shows that the company could expand that into a stronger long-term revenue strategy. Critics have been lukewarm on the possibility of Twitter attempting to support itself with advertisements or paid accounts, and nobody's really gone into depth on the question of whether the businesses currently raving about Twitter's power of "conversation" will cough up for more in-depth analytics.
Vic Gundotra, Google's vice president of engineering, takes a photo of the Itsukushima Shrine in Japan. The Google Goggles feature successfully identified it.
(Credit: Stephen Shankland/CNET)MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif.--Google's first search engine let people search by typing text onto a Web page. Next came queries spoken over the phone. On Monday, Google announced the ability to perform an Internet search by submitting a photograph.
The experimental search-by-sight feature, called Google Goggles, has a database of billions of images that informs its analysis of what's been uploaded, said Vic Gundotra, Google's vice president of engineering. It can recognize books, album covers, artwork, landmarks, places, logos, and more.
"It is our goal to be able to identify any image," he said. "It represents our earliest efforts in the field of computer vision. You can take a picture of an item, use that picture of whatever you take as the query."
However, the feature is still in Google Labs to deal with the "nascent nature of computer vision" and with the service's present shortcomings. "Google Goggles works well on certain types of objects in certain categories," he said.
Vic Gundotra, Google's vice president of engineering, speaking at a Google search event Dec. 7 in Mountain View, Calif.
(Credit: Stephen Shankland/CNET)Google Goggles was one of the big announcements at an event at the Computer History Museum here to tout the future of Google search. The company also showed off real-time search results and translation of a spoken phrase from English to Spanish using a mobile phone.
"It could be we are really at the cusp of an entirely new computing era," Gundotra said, with "devices that can understand our own speech, help us understand others, and augment our own sight by helping us see further."
Offering one real-world example of the service in action, Gundotra said that when a guest came by for dinner, he snapped a photo of a wine bottle she gave him to assess its merits. The result--"hints of apricot and hibiscus blossom"--went far beyond his expertise, but that didn't stop him from sharing the opinion over dinner.
He also demonstrated Google Goggles to take a photo of the Itsukushima Shrine in Japan, a landmark tourists may recognize even if they can't read Japanese. The uploaded photo returned a description of the shrine on his mobile phone.
Although the service can recognize faces, since faces are among the billions of images in the database, it doesn't right now, Gundotra said.
"For this product, we made the decision not to do facial recognition," Gundotra said. "We still want to work on the issues of user opt-in and control. We have the technology to do the underlying face recognition, but we decided to delay that until safeguards are in place."
Google's search is a near-constant work in progress as the company strives to grow beyond supplying search results in the form of 10 hyperlinks to various Web pages.
"It's not just about 10 blue links," said Marissa Mayer, Google's vice president of search and user experience. "It's about the best answers."
"In the past 67 days, we launched 33 different search innovations," she boasted. "That's one innovation every two days."
Three more in the pipeline came to light on Monday. First, the mobile version of Google's search service to suggest completions to search queries now is geographically smart. That means, for example, a person in Boston typing "re" in a search box will see "Red Sox" as a suggested completion but a person in San Francisco will see "REI."
'Near me now' is a mobile service that shows local services to a mobile search user.
(Credit: Stephen Shankland/CNET)Second, a "near me now" service due to launch in coming weeks can tell users of iPhones and Android devices what's near them at a particular moment. Third, location supplied by the mobile phone can adjust product search results to show nearby stores that have a particular item in stock.
Sci-fi vision
Google isn't afraid of raising expectations of the service to the sci-fi level, where concepts such as augmented reality--an overlay of computer data that supplements what people see in the real world--have flourished for years.
Eventually, Google wants a system that lets people point to an object and retrieve information on it, Gundotra said--turning a person's finger into a real-world mouse pointer. "Today marks the beginning of that visual search journey," Gundotra said.
Google's system, like its Picasa face recognition software for photo management and face blurring in Google Maps' Street View, employs technology stemming from Google's 2006 acquisition of Neven Vision, a start-up focusing on face and object recognition. Founder Hartmut Neven, still a Google employee, was at Monday's event.
Neven expressed pride for one aspect of the system: the fact that much of its background work happens with no human interaction through a process he called "unsupervised learning."
"The algorithms build models for visual recognition are unsupervised," Neven said. "Based on the photos we find, models--for example, the Empire State building--will emerge."
Live translation
Speaking of science fiction, Google also showed off technology that could turn mobile phones into a computerized translation system. It wasn't quite the babelfish of "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," but it did translate Gundotra's question about where the nearest hospital is located into Spanish.
Marissa Mayer, Google's vice president of search and user experience, speaks at a Google search event Monday.
(Credit: Stephen Shankland/CNET)The technology works using a new communications conduit to Google servers. The raw utterance recorded by the mobile phone is sent to Google's servers, which first interpret it as English. It's then translated into Spanish, and the text is sent back to the mobile phone. A text-to-speech synthesizer on the phone--for the demonstration, a Droid model running Google's Android operating system--reads out the Spanish.
The service is set to launch in the first quarter of 2010, Gundotra said.
Google already offers the ability to search by voice--notably with applications for the iPhone and Android phones that today work in English and Mandarin Chinese.
Gundotra said Japanese now has joined the other options for the applications, and that more will come. "In 2010, you will see us dramatically expand our efforts and support more languages," he said.
Language is key to Google's mission and operations, and the company touted its progress in the area. Mayer said Google now can translate words from any of 51 languages into any other. In 2008, Chief Executive Eric Schmidt said the company expects to increase that to 100 languages.
"We are working to break down the language barrier," Mayer said. "That focus is what unlocks the Web."
Google now intends to deliver customized search results even to those searching its site without having signed into a Google account.
Google keeps a history of your Web searches for up to 180 days, using what it says is an anonymous cookie in your browser to track your search queries and the results you most frequently click on. For several years it has allowed those with Google accounts to receive customized search results based on that history, but now even those without Google accounts will receive tailored results based on a history of their search activity, Google said in a blog post late Friday.
For example, Google described in a video how the query "SOX" might signal one type of search intent coming from baseball fans in Boston or Chicago, and another type of intent from an accountant closing the books on the quarter. Based on that particular person's search profile, Google can promote links to baseball scores or Sarbanes-Oxley details higher in search results than other links affiliated with those queries.
This, of course, is not just about search results. By building a profile of past searches, Google can also gain insights into what kinds of advertising you're most likely to favor, therefore placing more targeted (and expensive) ads alongside those search results
Privacy advocates will likely be put off by the fact that this is an opt-out rather than opt-in service. Beforehand, the customized search results were only available to those who were signed into a Google account, and although Google has always stored the search history of anyone who visits its site, it didn't change individual search results based on that history.
Google was careful to describe the procedure for opting out of personalized results, and emphasized that it doesn't know who specifically is attached to a given set of search queries. But in essence, even those who search Google without being signed in can now be used to help Google improve the targeting of its search results and its ads.
An overview of how Google arrives at Personalized Search results.
(Credit: Google)To show support for the global fight against AIDS, both Google and Twitter changed up their sites a bit Tuesday.
If you go to Google.com, you'll find a link under the search box that leads to several resources where you can learn more about AIDS, volunteer to fight the disease, and donate money to fight AIDS. It's no small contribution to the cause--Google's home page is undoubtedly driving considerable traffic to all the organizations the company lists.
Twitter has turned red for World AIDS Day.
(Credit: Screenshot by Don Reisinger/CNET)Twitter has introduced a more obvious change to its site. Whenever a user adds the hashtag #red to their tweets, the message they update their status page with will be displayed in red to followers. Users can also add the hashtag #laceupsavelives to turn their tweets red. The change is part of the Turn Red initiative, which aims at battling AIDS in Africa.
You can learn more about Join Red and the fight against AIDS on the organization's Twitter page.
Google's new search interface is being tested among small groups of users.
(Credit: Screenshot by Tom Krazit/CNET)
Google's new search results page brings more search options to the fore amid brighter colors that nod at recent changes made by its rivals.
Small groups of Google searchers over the past week or so have seen the new design as the company tests the new user interface, but not everybody was able to gain access to the interface. On Wednesday, Gizmodo published some tips on how to force Google into serving the new pages, and therefore we can bring you some screen shots of the new look and feel for Google search.
The first thing you'll probably notice is the left-hand rail, which has Google's search options feature presented in full color and in permanent position: previously, you had to toggle the search options feature at the top of the search results page, and the links were presented in Google's classic spartan blue. The search bar at the top of the page also has a big blue "Search" button in place of the gray button that used to occupy that space.
Marissa Mayer, vice president of search products and user experience at Google, told Search Engine Land last week that the new pages are designed to eliminate inconsistencies in how Google presented search results after it added several new elements to the page. But it also mimics what Yahoo and Microsoft have been doing with their search results pages, focusing on presentation and new ways to sort results.
Let us know what you think of the new search user interface. Fair warning: the procedure described by Gizmodo caused a few temporary issues for some CNET folks that cleared up upon a few refreshes. Google will be testing the new pages for several weeks before deciding what will make the final cut for all searchers.
We all know the mathematical adage detailing how many words a picture is worth. The principal applies equally to search results. Search for anything in Google, Bing, and Yahoo and see how long it takes your eyes and brain to max out on all the written input. (The concept of text fatigue also applies to blog posts, which is why we've included a nice, large picture near the top of ours.)
(Credit:
Screenshot by Jessica Dolcourt/CNET)
If you browse the Web with Firefox (Windows | Mac), the free extension SearchPreview (Windows | Mac) breaks up text blocks by inserting thumbnail images of the site's homepage to the left of the text, where your eye naturally goes. If you're unsure which of the many returned links you really want, a glance at the thumbnails could settle the dispute.
If the thumbnail image scenario sounds familiar, that's because until recently SearchPreview has been known as GooglePreview. An upgrade to version 4.0 added support for Microsoft's Bing search engine and repositioned the product with a name change.
As you use SearchPreview, you may notice some results tagged as SearchPreview's sponsored links. These are the developer's way of recouping costs, but you can disable the sponsored results from the Options menu of the add-ons manager.
(Credit:
Google)
Google released a new version of the free Google Mobile App for Symbian Series 60 (S60) phones on Monday. The update gives phone owners the ability to press the Talk button and speak search terms into the phone. While a new feature to the S60 operating system, users on other platforms, like BlackBerry and iPhone, have been able to turn speech into search results for some time.
The new Google Mobile App shows up as a shortcut widget on the Nokia home screen, which makes sounding out searches on those Nokia N and E series handsets faster than on other mobile platforms, where you must open the Google Mobile App to begin a search.
Whether you talk or type, Google Mobile App uses GPS or cell tower triangulation to fill in your location and find the closest whatever-it-is nearby. This is consistent with Google Mobile App for other platforms, though Windows Mobile is the only other one that also uses the home screen plug-in.
In addition to adding digital ears to search, Google has made them more global. Mandarin Chinese has joined Google's speech recognition database, so Nokia seekers can speak queries in English or in Mandarin. Google warns that the Mobile App is better at distinguishing certain accents better than others; a Beijing lilt may search more successfully than southern-flavored speech, for instance.
Mandarin recognition is currently only available for Nokia phones, but Google says in an official blog post that they're working to expand the capability to other mobile platforms, like Google Android and iPhone. Also, not every S60 owner can take advantage of the new Google Mobile App, only those running version 3. The app is not yet supported on touch screen phones, which run version 5 of the system software.
You can download Google Mobile App for Nokia S60 by pointing the mobile browser to http://m.google.com.
Google on Wednesday announced that its search results now feature an option allowing users to view formatted PDFs from within their browser.
Although Google's search results have long featured a "View as HTML" option for documents using the Portable Document Format standard, the company in a blog post said that "option loses some of the formatting from the original PDF, such as graphics, tables, fonts, and other elements."
To solve the issue, a new "Quick View" option has been added to some PDFs in search results. When a user clicks on the link, the full PDF file is displayed in the browser with all its formatting intact. The viewer is based on the same service built into Gmail and Google Docs.
Google's Quick View in operation.
(Credit: Google)According to Google, it has been adding the Quick View feature to results since July. Currently, more than 50 percent of the PDFs in Google's index display that viewing option.
Google also said it plans to use the viewer for "more documents and file types."
The new options on the left side of a regular Google search results page emphasize how important presentation has become in search results.
(Credit: Google)Google has added a few new filters to the search options panel it introduced last May, emphasizing speed and continuity on its search results pages.
The "show options" link at the top of a Google search results page brings up a number of filters on the left side of the search results page that allow searchers to refine their queries, allowing them to search just for content types like videos or search results from a certain timeline. Google is gradually rolling out some new options in that panel, allowing searchers to find results from the last hour or results posted in Google Books or Google News, said Nundu Janakiram, product manager in search. Searchers will also be able to select if they want to see more results from stores or less results, depending on whether you're shopping or looking for other kinds of information.
You've obviously been able to search within Google News or Google Books up until this point, but Google thinks the new search options are useful because they won't require the searcher to leave the main search results page. Clicking on the "News" filter will present Google News result, but the look and feel of the page won't change with the new filters, Janakiram said.
This could also allow Google to sell different types of ads on the same search results page. The filters chosen by the searcher can be "a potentially helpful signal about user intent, so it does change the way ads appear," Janakiram said. It's not clear whether Google will actually use different sets of ads for different filters, however; it could just do what it currently does in removing ads from search filters where they don't make sense, such as the Timeline view.
Those features will be enabled for any Google visitor, but if you're a Google account holder and have chosen to enable Web History on your account, Google will also surface a filter that lets you refine results by pages you have already seen. This could let you more easily find a page you've already visited or make sure you exclude the ones you've already decided don't work, Janakiram said.
The new options emphasize how competition in the search business at the moment is focused on improving the presentation of search results, as opposed to better ways of indexing and ranking the results themselves. Work obviously still goes on at that level--Google is currently in the process of testing its massive Caffeine update--but much of the innovation we've seen in recent months involves the presentation of search results through graphics and a focus on the so-called "real-time" Web.
Much of Bing's early success can be attributed to its eye-catching presentation, and Wolfram Alpha is attempting to carve out a niche in search through a completely different method of presenting results. Accuracy and relevancy are arguably just as important to searchers as they ever have been, but just about every search provider has articulated a desire to move past the "ten blue links."
The new features build on a couple of other enhancements Google has trotted out in recent days, adding a "Hot Trends" link to the Google Trends page for emphasizing popular searches as well as "jump to" links that direct a searcher to a Web page beyond the home page for that topic.
