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Nvidia on Monday confirmed that Samsung will bring out a Netbook based on the graphics chipmaker's Ion chipset, another design that breaks the Netbook mold.

"Ion really transforms these small laptops, like the upcoming Samsung and Lenovo Ideapad S12, into fully capable notebooks," Rene Haas, general manager of notebook products at Nvidia said Monday in a statement.

Ion brings mainstream PC graphics to Netbooks, including 1080p high-definition video support and better gaming, according to Nvidia.

The disclosure of the Samsung Netbook follows the Lenovo IdeaPad S12--due in August--the first Netbook announced from a major PC maker to employ the Nvidia chip.

Upcoming Samsung Netbook based on Nvidia's Ion chipset and Intel Atom processor

(Credit: Nvidia)

Though Nvidia would not confirm specifications, Netbook Choice is reporting that the Netbook, branded the Samsung N510, is due in July and will sport an 11.6-inch screen--large for the Netbook category, where screens typically top out at about 10 inches.

The Samsung Netbook would be another manifestation, following the Lenovo IdeaPad S12, of Nvidia's efforts to break the Netbook mold as defined by Intel: a low-performance device with a screen under 11 inches in diagonal size. Nvidia claims designs like Samsung's and Lenovo's are more notebook than Netbook.

Samsung's Netbook bears Nvidia badge

(Credit: Nvidia)

"The Netbook term was created by Intel to define a segment offering a limited experience, but with Ion you don't have those same limitations," Nvidia's Haas said. "These systems can handle mainstream gaming, HD video, and new GPU-powered applications. You might as well call them notebooks, because that's what they are."

The N510 will also pack an Intel 1.66GHz N280 Atom processor, according to Netbook Choice. The N280 is Intel's latest Atom processor that, ironically, is offered to Netbook makers with supporting Intel silicon that delivers better graphics performance than previous Intel Atom technology. That Intel feature, however, is not available when a PC maker uses Nvidia's higher-performance Ion silicon that integrates Nvidia's 9400M graphics chip--the same chip used in Apple's MacBook line.

Other Samsung Netbook features include a 160GB hard disk drive, 1GB of memory, and Wi-Fi (draft-n), Bluetooth, and a Webcam, according to Netbook Choice.

Nvidia's Ion is also used in tiny desktop PCs such as the Acer AspireRevo and ASUS eeeTop.

The Apple MacBook Air has remained almost unchanged for a year and a half--a testament to the staying power of its design. So, how will Apple respond to the wave of inexpensive, ultra-thin lookalikes hitting the market over the next six months?

The Air is still a stunning design but its novelty and high price will come under assault as lookalikes flood the market

(Credit: Apple)

The Air was a sensation when it debuted in January of 2008. Not that it sold by the boatloads, but the stunning form factor set off an industrial-design frenzy. Ergo, the Dell Adamo and the raft of "ultra-thin" laptops in the hopper as a result of Intel's push to get its "ULV" (ultra-low-voltage) chips in as many glamorous but affordable designs as possible.

The just-announced ultra-thin Acer Aspire Timeline is the writing on the wall. No, it's not the equivalent of a MacBook Air or Dell Adamo but it's close enough to give prospective buyers even more reason to balk at the $1,800-plus price tags attached to those two gorgeous designs.

And other designs are already out there like the 0.78 inch-thick MSI X340 X-Slim, which is, more or less, a photocopy of the Air. And even Lenovo is tempting fate with the 3.5-pound 13.3-inch IdeaPad U350, which will start at $649 and make the $1,900 ThinkPad X301--and the Air--look very expensive.

So, what does an Acer Aspire Timeline get you for $899? Let's take a quick look:

• Intel Core 2 Duo processor SU9400 (1.40GHz, 10 watts)
  
• 13.3-inch LED-backlit TFT LCD
  
• Mobile Intel GS45 Express chipset
  
• 4GB of DDR3 memory
  
• 6-cell lithium ion battery
  
• 500GB SATA hard drive
  
• 3.5 pounds
  
• Windows Vista Home Premium 64-bit
  

Many of those specifications are a stone's throw away from the Air (and Adamo)--or match it.

So, what will Apple's MBA encore be? Thinner? Lighter? Faster? 3G capable? Dare I say, cheaper? Or a new industrial design that will send all the ultra-thin wannabes back to the drawing board? I'm waiting.

Intel is on the record with size limits for Netbooks. Will this restriction be tied to lower Windows 7 pricing from Microsoft? Yes, say reports.

Will Netbook pricing be tied to size?

(Credit: Acer)

A recent ZDNet blog reported that the maximum allowable diagonal screen size for a Windows 7-based Netbook will be 10.2 inches. And on Tuesday, reports cited Taiwan's hardware manufacturers--so-called original design manufacturers, or ODMs--stating that Microsoft may tie screen-size limits to Windows 7 pricing.

The upshot: Netbooks that exceed 10.2 inches will not qualify for the lower Windows 7 licensing rates (e.g., Windows 7 Starter and Home Basic for Small Notebook PCs), according to reports.

Intel is already on the record defining an Atom processor-powered Netbook as having a screen size no larger than 10.2 inches.

Other maximum Windows 7-based Netbook limits in the lower-price tier include a 250GB hard disk drive or a 64GB solid-state drive, according to Tech ARP.

Processors will max out at 2GHz and have a CPU thermal design power (power envelope) that is less than or equal to 15 watts, not including the graphics and chipset, according to the same report.

There is no ostensible limit on graphics horsepower, however. On Monday, Lenovo announced the first Netbook from a top-tier PC maker that includes Nvidia's Ion chipset. If other PC makers follow with Ion-based Netbooks running Windows 7, this is expected to boost the device's ability to handle more demanding content such as 1080p high-definition video.

But challenges may arise later this year for Nvidia when Intel brings out the "Pineview" Atom chip that integrates the graphics onto the same piece of silicon as the main processor.

All of this comes in the wake of rumors that Microsoft may lift the restriction that the operating system run no more than three applications at a time.

Windows 7 pricing is potentially an obstacle to Windows 7 adoption for some users, though in just about every other aspect the operating system is beating Vista, according to a Dell marketing executive.

"If there's one thing that may influence adoption, make things slower or cause customers to pause, it's that generally the ASPs (average selling price) of the operating systems are higher than they were for Vista and XP," Darrel Ward, director of product management for Dell's business client product group, said in a phone interview, referring to the various versions of the Windows 7 operating system that are expected to appear.

Ward continued. "In tough economic times, I think it's naive to believe that you can increase your prices on average and then still see a stronger swell than if you held prices flat or even lowered them. I can tell you that the licensing tiers at retail are more expensive than they were for Vista."

In the business market, Windows 7 Professional is expected to be more expensive than Windows Vista Business, the version that Professional is replacing, he said.

Some schools and smaller businesses may not be early adopters due to price. "Schools and government agencies may not be able to afford (the additional cost). Some of the smaller businesses may not be able to enjoy the software as soon as they'd like," Ward said.

Pricing aside, Ward said momentum behind Windows 7 is big compared with Vista. "When Vista came out we didn't have the motivation to do the types of services that we're doing now. We didn't have the clear customer demand for such services," he said. "We do have a visible number of customers, large and small, who are actually waiting for Windows 7 and who have already put plans in place to target the transition to Windows 7, they're asking Dell for help. That demand and this opportunity is stronger than it has been in the past," Ward said.

And Dell is already getting its service organization in gear for Windows 7. "Our professional service organization is beginning to structure service offerings specifically designed to help customers migrate their images, their applications, and their management infrastructure, security capabilities and so forth."

More than half of Dell's business customers are still using Windows XP and these customers will eventually have to upgrade, according to Ward. "XP cannot live forever," he said.

To help users migrate from XP to Windows 7, Dell supports the upcoming operating system's XP mode. "It's one of the things that Microsoft is doing that we think is helpful. Putting an instance of XP virtual machine in the higher end SKUs (models). This is another alternative for compatibility. We'll fully support that in our product and consulting services." he said.

Driver readiness is good, with some exceptions. "Driver readiness--it looks pretty healthy compared to the past. (There are) some things that haven't been worked out. The WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality Lab) drivers for AMT VPRO is a little behind," he said, referring to Intel's Active Management Technology, which allows remote access to PCs for security, maintenance, and management.

Generally, however, Windows 7 is much further along than Vista was at this stage, he said. "But if you look at the ecosystem enabling for Windows 7, it is much further along that it was at the same time for Vista," he said.

Updated at 6:25 p.m. PDT with comments from Hewlett-Packard.

Longstanding latent demand for PCs packing a new version of Windows is set to be unleashed, following Microsoft's nod Monday for a holiday release of Windows 7.

Laptop shipments should get a boost from Windows 7.

(Credit: Hewlett-Packard)

"There's a lot of pent up demand for Windows, particularly in corporate, which by and large passed on Vista," said Roger Kay, president of Endpoint Technologies, a market research firm. "Dell and Lenovo should be relieved."

PC sales ground to a halt in the fourth quarter of 2008, after several years of consistent 15 percent quarterly growth, according to an IDC report issued earlier this year.

Windows 7 could change that. "The holiday timing will, of course, benefit consumer-oriented (PC makers) like HP and Acer," Kay said.

Windows 7 may also slow the migration to Apple's operating system. "Defections to Mac may slow. So, Apple won't be entirely happy," Kay said.

And how big is Windows 7 for hardware makers? "Win7 will have the fastest adoption curve of any new rev since Windows 95...I think you'll see adoption earlier than usual in commercial because the code is so stable. The old adage about waiting for SP1 (Service Pack 1) may not be as relevant this time around," he said.

Intel--whose processors will power the lion's share of Windows 7 PCs--is upbeat. "Our early testing is showing improved battery life for consumer notebooks, so Windows 7 should continue to improve the consumer experience," said Jeff McCrea, vice president of Intel's Consumer PC group, in response to an e-mail query. McCrea added that Intel's processors and chipsets work well with the initial beta version of Windows 7.

Hewlett-Packard is working closely with Microsoft, looking toward Windows 7 upcoming release. "We are working closely with (Microsoft) as they develop Windows 7 to make sure our customers can take full advantage of the latest features," HP spokeswoman Anne Finnie said Monday.

And PC graphics chip suppliers like Nvidia have been finessing their Windows 7 drivers in anticipation of a release of the operating system. "Windows 7 users now have the absolute latest in performance and support," said Dwight Diercks, vice president of software engineering at Nvidia, in a statement, referring to various technologies Nvidia is now supporting in Windows 7.

Solid-state drives, if not yet ubiquitous, have arrived. You can find them in laptops big and small and as a high-octane storage option for gaming PCs.

Alienware 128GB SSD option adds $550 but on the Dell XPS M1530 this option adds only $450.

(Credit: Alienware)

SSDs made their mark by appearing in the trendiest ultraportables like the Apple MacBook Air and Asus Eee PC--typically as stratospherically priced options, fashion statements rarely seen in the real world.

These drives are now coming off their rarefied shelf space and appearing across a wider range of laptops and ultraportable computers.

Any new, lightweight enterprise laptop worth its salt comes with a large-capacity solid-state drive option now. Hewlett-Packard recently introduced the 3-pound EliteBook 2530p with an Intel 80GB solid-state drive option and Dell this month announced the 2.2-pound Dell E4200 with a 128GB drive.

Dell E4200 ultraportable can be configured with 128GB SSD

(Credit: Dell Computer)

Dell also offers solid-state drives on more mainstream laptops such as the 15-inch XPS M1530 laptop. The SSD option on the M1530 is twice the capacity and half the price of drives offered to date: 128GB for $450. The first generation of solid-state drives in the MacBook Air, for example, added almost $1,000 to the cost for only 64GB of storage. Dell lists it as an "Ultra Performance" M1530 option.

Solid-state drives are almost synonymous with the new category of tiny laptops called netbooks. And the category continues to grow. Lenovo is the latest high-profile entry. Earlier this month the China-based company introduced the IdeaPad S10 with a 4GB solid-state drive option.

More notable is the 10-inch Asus Eee PC 1000 that comes with a 40GB solid-state drive and that's priced at just under $700.

HP VP Keith LeFebvre holds a new EliteBook 2530p ultraportable. The laptop comes with an Intel 80GB SSD. Larger 160GB drives from Intel are expected in the fourth quarter.

(Credit: Intel)

In the gaming space, solid-state drives are just beginning to be aggressively marketed as the ultimate high-performance storage option. Last week at the Intel Developer Forum, Chris Saleski from Intel's Storage Technologies Group demonstrated an Intel 80GB X25M solid-state drive crushing 7,200-rpm, 500GB Seagate Barracuda drives in benchmarks. The single Intel drive hit 44,000 IOPS (input-output operations per second), while the Seagate array did under 550 IOPS.

If this benchmark holds up in the real world, solid-state drives could catch on at game PC makers like Falcon Northwest, which demonstrated its FragBoxes at the Intel forum also beating high-performance hard-disk drives.

Dell's Alienware game PC unit currently offers a 128GB solid-state option for $550 on its Area-51 M15x laptop. "Solid state drives are the best performance options Alienware offers hardcore gamers," Alienware said in a statement. "These drives offer them shorter load times and faster access rates that put them at a much higher level of performance than traditional hard drives."

Alienware currently offers up to a 256GB SSD in a "RAID 0" configuration.

There was relatively little said Monday at the Centrino 2 launch about new processors. Almost as little as was said about side shows such as a "Montevina" desktop design. The main attraction was the Centrino 2 chipset.

HP 6730b Centrino 2 business notebook

(Credit: Intel)

Why? There's not a whole lot that's new about the processors other than faster speeds and improved power efficiency: the new "P" series chips have a thermal envelope of 25 watts versus 35 watts for the previous generation.

The focus of the Centrino 2 launch returned repeatedly to the chipset and accompanying silicon: namely, the Intel 4 Series Express chipset and 802.11n and WiMax wireless chips. And if Intel can be believed, shipments of the Centrino 2 integrated graphics silicon--"GM" chipsets--have already begun and systems may be available as early as the end of this month.

"We are already shipping integrated graphics and you will see integrated graphics on the shelf in the coming weeks," said Mooly Eden, general manager of Intel's Mobile Platforms Group, speaking at the Centrino 2 launch in San Francisco. This is a departure from previous Intel statements.

Intel chipsets with integrated graphics and other chipsets that support separate "discrete" graphics chips will ship in as many as 250 laptops, Eden said.

Advanced Micro Devices would chime in here and say that it has doubled the number of "all AMD" (AMD processors, chipsets, and graphics) laptops with its Puma platform. "The key thing is we're in market today via Puma," said Pat Moorhead, vice president of Advanced Marketing at AMD. (More counterpoints here at Moorhead's blog.)

Though Eden touted 1.7X better 3DMark performance, and a host of other improved benchmarks over the previous Centrino platform, he spent most of the time Monday talking about features of the Centrino 2 chipset, including hardware accelerators for playback of Blue-ray video (the ability to view a two-hour Blue-ray movie on a typical laptop battery), faster transcoding (converting, for example, audio from one format to another), and Intel "Switchable Graphics," which allows the turning off and on of a discrete graphics chip. The latter is a power-saving feature because integrated graphics uses less power than a higher-performance discrete graphics chip from Nvidia or AMD-ATI.

AMD has something very similar already called "ATI PowerXpress Technology" that provides high-performance discrete graphics when plugged into a power source, then dynamically switches to integrated graphics when unplugged, saving up to 90 minutes of battery life, AMD claims.

Intel Switchable Graphics

(Credit: Intel)

Then there's WiMax. A sore subject with Intel--Eden referred to "vicious rumors" about WiMax. Though Intel is still a bit cagey about the launch of the WiMax infrastructure, Eden brought out Barry West, chief technology officer of Sprint Nextel and president of the company's new WiMax division, Xohm Networks, to talk about the upcoming WiMax launch in Baltimore, Maryland in September with "150 plus sites."

The Intel WiMAXWiFi Link 5350 silicon will be available for Centrino 2 laptops "in the second half of 2008," according to Intel.

On the gaming front, Intel announced that in addition to a new X9100 Extreme mobile processor (3.06GHz) shipping now, the first quad-core mobile processor will be available within 90 days.

Finally, Intel showed a desktop "Montevina" design. that wasn't much bigger than a cigar box.

Intel Centrino 2 processor pricing as follows*:
--X9100** (3.06GHz): $851.
--T9600 (2.8GHz): $530
--P9500 (2.53GHz): $348
--T9400 (2.53Ghz): $316
--P8600 (2.4GHz): $241
--P8400 (2.26GHz): $209

*The P prefix indicates a 25-watt thermal envelope, T series is 35 watts, and X "Extreme" series is 45 watts.

**X9100 will be followed by the first quad-core mobile processor "within 90 days."

ThinkPad X300's solid-state drive beats fast hard drives.

(Credit: Lenovo)

Solid-state drives continue to outperform hard-disk drives in tests, providing some consolation for the high price.

The X300 ThinkPad, which starts at $2,900, is one of the hottest--and most expensive--notebooks on the market now. The Apple MacBook Air is another. They both come with solid-state drives (SSDs) that perform better than standard magnetic hard-disk drives. And the X300's outpaces a 7200rpm hard drive by a long shot, according to review site Hot Hardware.

In a test, the X300's SSD "performed 2.75 times faster than the Dell XPS M1730 running dual 7200rpm drives," the review said. That's not all. "The X300's performance was nearly 4.9x faster than the Asus U6S" with a 5400rpm 160GB hard drive.

Lenovo puts it this way: "Faster boot and application load times, extra durability, and longer battery life." You can add stratospherically higher unit price, but the price impediment will diminish over the next 12 months.

SSDs are based on flash memory chip technology and have no moving parts. Hard drives, in contrast, use read-write heads that hover over spinning platters to access and record data. With no moving parts, SSDs avoid both the risk of mechanical failure and the mechanical delays of hard drives. Therefore, SSDs are generally faster and more reliable.